Uncertainty reduction theory is based on the central assumption that the primary concern of strangers upon initial interaction is to reduce uncertainty and increase predictability. Berger has identified three conditions that drives our need to reduce uncertainty.eval(ez_write_tag([[300,250],'businesstopia_net-box-4','ezslot_5',138,'0','0'])); We want to reduce uncertainty when we know we will see the other person again. Description |So What? The main assumption is that uncertainty creates cognitive discomfort, which people will try to reduce. Further research did indeed answer Berger and Calabrese’s (1975) research priorities and significantly expanded Uncertainty Reduction Theory’s explanatory power in areas such as verbal and nonverbal communication, intimacy, reciprocity, and information-seeking behavior. It is assumed that when strangers meet, their primary objective is to reduce uncertainty about the other person involved in the interaction. From explanation to application. Communication Theory Uncertainty Reduction Theory (URT) Overview Because we did not know … Uncertainty reduces as the feelings of approval between individual increase. Patres uncertainty lowering theory concentrates on how individual communication is utilized to gain knowledge and to make … Dr. Whaley is currently the Director of Health Studies at the University of San Francisco. For example, your friend, Sam, invites you to join her and her co-workers for dinner. Even with an abundance of research about and related to Uncertainty Reduction Theory, interpersonal communication scholars continue to probe its intricacies and applicability. This is particularly true when they first meet and they do not know one another. Uncertainty reduction theory focuses on how people by using communication can gain knowledge and create understanding towards each other. Interpersonal Communication and Relations | Uncertainty Reduction Theory. Assuming the desire of people to reduce uncertainty in initial interactions, Berger and Calabrese's (1975) Uncertainty Reduction Theory focuses on initial interactions between strangers, suggesting … Strangers want to reduce uncertainty/increase predictability in initial interaction. Michael Sunnafrank argued that positive relational experience is the actual motivation of interaction. Uncertainty reduction theory is based on the tradition that strangers need to minimize the level of doubt in their early relations. People will tend to know more and … Adaptive Structuration Theory Role Of Information Technologies In Organization Change History and Orientation Adaptive Structuration Theory is based on Anthony Giddens' structuration theory. However, this insecurity can be reduced through interpersonal communication where relations created … This guide provides an introduction to the field of interpersonal communication, and outlines important theories in the field, including identity management theory, uncertainty reduction theory, and relational dialectics theory. The following 5 clips are contributions from group members to show examples of Uncertainty Reduction Theory axioms, assumptions, and theories. Knobloch, L. K. & Satterlee, K. L. (2012). Strangers want to reduce uncertainty/increase predictability in initial in… Relational uncertainty: Theory and application. People feel unpleasant when they are uncertain about the other person’s behavior or actions, so they try to reduce uncertainty through interpersonal communication. An interactive strategy, then, might resemble a face-to-face interaction, where an exchange of basic information occurs, and uncertainty is reduced through this initial exchange. Initially introduced in 1975 by Charles R. Berger and Richard J. Calabrese, Uncertainty Reduction Theory offered a “theoretical perspective for dealing with the initial entry stage of interpersonal interaction” in which uncertainty is common, and suggested a set of “research priorities” for future scholars to further test the theory. (1975). It was developed and has been applied considering uncertainty neutral; … For more information on Dr. Beebe, visit his page at the Texas State University Department of Communication Studies website. This theory is formulated as the production and reproduction of the social systems … When people meet for the first time, the plan is to reduce the uncertainty that is placed in the interaction between them. Uncertainty Reduction Theory Summary: The Uncertainty Reduction Theory asserts that people have a need to reduce uncertainty about others by gaining information about them. Beebe, S. A., Beebe, S. J. Gudykunst argues that is important to test theory in new paradigms, thus adding to its fortitude (Gudykunst, 204). This reduces the likelihood of future conversations. This gives you a feeling of uncertain… Planalp and Honeycutt suggest that uncertainty will continue to increase after initial interaction because of lack of understanding and impulsive behavior. Uncertainty reduction theory (URT) seeks to explain how people think and behave during the initial stages of relationship development. Uncertainty Reduction Theory..... 191 . In, University of Twente. For example, assuming that the communicative interaction is in person and longer than a fleeting moment in a public space, Uncertainty Reduction Theory researchers suggest that people will use a “variety of sources when collecting information to reduce their uncertainty” (Floyd, 2017; Whaley & Samter, 2013). Explanations > Theories > Uncertainty Reduction Theory. Their objective was to understand how two individuals communicate with each other during an initial encounter. Yusuf Yuksel. Hier sollte eine Beschreibung angezeigt werden, diese Seite lässt dies jedoch nicht zu. However, leading communication researchers bring to the fore cultural and other interpersonal factors that complicate Uncertainty Reduction Theory’s explanatory power. Interpersonal communication can be broken down into stages. One such theory, Uncertainty Reduction Theory, attempts to explain how human beings utilize communicative strategies to reduce uncertainty regarding other human beings. Some Explorations in Initial Interaction and Beyond: Toward a Developmental Theory of Interpersonal Communication. 4. Berger and Calabrese only included middle class white people in their sample size. Uncertainty reduction theory (URT) was originally created to explain the communication process that occurs when two strangers interact. The process of information seeking goes through predictable developme… Click to rate this post! Knobloch, L. K. & Theiss, J. A. 1- Write a story with 2-3 character in this theory include all 3 components (it’s okay more than once) :- Berger proposed seven axioms (self-evident truths) regarding this initial uncertainty. 4 1. ommunication and Information Technology 1. They will choose whether to continue the relationship based on the satisfaction level of the interpersonal communication. Strangers are not aware of each other’s beliefs and attitudes on initial interaction, so uncertainty is high at this point. Let’s Think Negative; Start With The Mental Exercises; Manage Your Expectations . The uncertainty reduction theory predicts behavior in interpersonal communication which makes it an objective theory. People feel uncertain in initial interpersonal communication. 2. Communication Monographs, 78, 3-26. According to this theory… They are: Cognitive uncertainty means uncertainty related to beliefs and attitudes of people. It is possible to predict people’s behavior. Information seeking in the initial stages of relational development. “One line of (my) research,” Dr. Samter explains on her Bryant University bio page, “examines how individual differences in social cognition, beliefs about the role communication skills play in relationships, and skill performance influence a person’s ability to initiate and maintain successful interpersonal relationships.” Additionally, Dr. Samter’s research also interrogates “communication skills as a function of age, ethnicity, relationship type, and context,” and recently, she has undertaken research probing the “role of prayer and religion” in dealing with stressful situations. … When individuals realize that they share the same interests as the other person, the uncertainty decreases. In another word mean that communication is the key to form health relationship. View 4_Uncertainty Reduction Theory_Social Information Processing Theory (1).pdf from SPC 3210 at Florida International University. ), Handbook of relationship initiation (pp. The theory asserts the notion that, when interacting, people need information about the other party in order to reduce their uncertainty… Understanding Uncertainty Reduction Theory. 135-152). (n.d.). This theory explains how communication is used to reduce the uncertainty among people when they meet each other for the first time. The theory suggests that human beings are uncomfortable with uncertainty and seek the means to predict the trajectory of social interactions. The need of information seeking decreases as uncertainty about the other person decreases. The theory is concerned with how people communicate and how knowledge is shared and understood. Uncertainty Reduction Theory rests on several basic assumptions. Information gained can then be used to predict the others' behavior. Berger, C. R., & Calabrese, R. J. There is often a genuine desire to get to know the other person. Citing Michael Sunnafrank and his predicted outcome value theory, Floyd (2017) maintained that we ought to “consider the merits of what we learn about other people when forming opinions of them,” and always remember that learning more information about another person does not necessarily equate to liking them more. In T. D. Afifi & W. A. Afifi (Eds. Charles Berger and Richard Calabrese (1975) observed that when we interact with strangers, we experience uncertainty because we don’t really know what to expect. The definition Charley Berger and Richard Calabrese created the Uncertainty Reduction Theory in 1975 in an attempt to describe the communication process when people meet for the first time. View Uncertainty Reduction Theory Research Papers on Academia.edu for free. Berger and Calabrese broke down the process of relational development into three stages, where each stage includes behaviors that indicate like or dislike.eval(ez_write_tag([[728,90],'businesstopia_net-banner-1','ezslot_4',140,'0','0'])); Individuals begin communication under the guidance of behavioral norms, such as greeting and exchange of demographic information (age, occupation, hometown). Every new relationship involve uncertainty and these uncertainty will create uncomfortable inside each person, so they will start to communicate with others to reduce those discomfort. Some of them are: Cite this article as: Shraddha Bajracharya, "Uncertainty Reduction Theory," in, https://www.businesstopia.net/communication/uncertainty-reduction-theory-definition. Now, when instructors in Introduction to Human Communication courses talk about Uncertainty Reduction Theory in class, they tend to do so in grander terms – taking humanity’s discomfort with uncertainty as a basic tenant of what it means to be human. Boston, MA: Pearson Education Inc. Berger, C. R., (2011). Indeed, Sunnafrank’s predicted outcome value theory “suggests that when we dislike the information we learn about others, that information can cause us to like them less, not more” (Floyd, 2017). Uncertainty reduction theory is based on the central assumption that the primary concern of strangers upon initial interaction is to reduce uncertainty and increase predictability. In writing the entry about Uncertainty Reduction Theory in The International Encyclopedia of Interpersonal Communication, Leanne K. Knoblach (2015) highlighted that recently “scholars have employed the theory to illuminate interpersonal contexts as diverse as initial interaction, social exchange processes, individual differences in uncertainty, established relationships, computer‐mediated communication, dyadic communication within organizations, and intercultural communication.” Within those contexts, there is ample space for great scholarship and room for Uncertainty Reduction Theory to grow. It states that people need to reduce uncertainty about other individuals by gaining information about them. Other assumptions related to this theory are: 1. What is the Uncertainty Reduction Theory? (2011). A. Initially introduced in 1975 by Charles R. Berger and Richard J. Calabrese, Uncertainty Reduction Theory offered a “theoretical perspective for dealing with the initial entry stage of interpersonal interaction” in which uncertainty is common, and suggested a set of “research priorities” for future scholars to further test the theory. This theory was founded on the observation that initial interactions between strangers routinely involve an exchange of demographic and public information, and these interactions change in predictable ways as they progress (Berger 1997a). You must have heard this quote at least once at … When people interact, they will act to reduce the uncertainty about the other person, seeking ways to predict their behavior. According to Berger there are two kinds of uncertainty that strangers face as they set out for their first meeting. Scholars of interpersonal communication utilize several theories to help explain and predict human interaction. This is the desire to. For example, if they like the person or do not like the person. In addition to other scholars, Brashers (2007) helped to further expand the scope of Uncertainty Reduction Theory outside the traditional dyadic interpersonal exchange. Dr. Theiss’s research “focuses on the dynamics of interpersonal communication in the context of romantic relationships, marriages, and families.” According to her Rutgers University bio page, “she is interested in the ways that certain qualities of relationships shape communication between partners and, in turn, how interpersonal communication influences the development of close personal relationships.” Recently, Dr. Theiss began working to develop the “Relational Turbulence Model” that will help explore communicative behavior within relationships that are in a transitional phase. A more active strategy might resemble the act of looking someone up online to access basic information provided on someone’s social media profile. The level of initial uncertainty for each individual decreases with the onset of verbal communication. In initial interaction, individuals tend to reciprocate personal details to match the other person. Additionally, cultural communicative tendencies further complicate Uncertainty Reduction Theory’s ability to explain human interaction as some cultures “accept uncertainty as a normal part of life, whereas others tend to avoid it whenever possible” (Floyd, 2017). While Uncertainty Reduction Theory largely pertains to interpersonal communicative contexts, the theory can also be applied to other situations as well. Uncertainty can make people avoid a situation or behavior (aversive state) and cause cognitive stress. It is one of the only communication theories that specifically looks into the initial interaction between people prior to the actual communication process. They share more personal information as communication furthurs and one will seek indications of values, attitudes, and morals from the other. The theory may be easily disproved because of the large scope of its axioms. Other assumptions related to this theory are: The theory says that people need prior information about others to reduce their uncertainty. (2008). The theory is based on the concept that people find it difficult to communicate due to uncertainty of the other person’s reaction. Berger says, “As the ability of persons to predict which alternative or alternatives are likely to occur next decreases, uncertainty increases.”. Uncertainty reduction occurs primarily by questioning new acquaintances in an attempt to gather information about them. | See also | References . His research resume is just as distinguished – having authored and co-authored dozens of books and articles related to many facets of communication. Berger and Calabrese (1975) “initially presented [Uncertainty Reduction Theory] as a series of axioms,” or universal truths that typically do not require proof to be accepted, to “describe the relationships between uncertainty and several communication factors” in dyadic exchanges (University of Twente, n.d.).

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